Respiratory outcomes after delivery room stabilisation with a new respiratory support system using nasal prongs

Funding Information: The study was funded by H.K.H. Kronprinsessan Lovisas Förening för Barnasjukvård, Sällskapet Barnavård Research Fund, Region Stockholm and the Swedish Heart-Lung Fund. Funding Information: The study was funded by H.K.H. Kronprinsessan Lovisas Förening för Barnasjukvård, Sällskapet Barnavård Research Fund, Region Stockholm and the Swedish Heart‐Lung Fund. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica. ; AIM: To study if stabilisation using a new respiratory support system with nasal prongs compared to T-piece with a face mask is associated with less need for mechanical ventilation and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. METHODS: A single-centre follow-up study of neonates born <28 weeks gestation at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm included in the multicentre Comparison of Respiratory Support after Delivery (CORSAD) trial and randomised to initial respiratory support with the new system versus T-piece. Data on respiratory support, neonatal morbidities and mortality were collected up to 36 weeks post-menstrual age. RESULTS: Ninety-four infants, 51 female, with a median (range) gestational age of 25 + 2 (23 + 0, 27 + 6) weeks and days, were included. Significantly fewer infants in the new system group received mechanical ventilation during the first 72 h, 24 (52.2%) compared with 35 (72.9%) (p = 0.034) and during the first 7 days, 29 (63.0%) compared with 39 (81.3%) (p = 0.045) in the T-piece group. At 36 weeks post-menstrual age, 13 (28.3%) in the new system and 13 (27.1%) in the T-piece group were diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. CONCLUSION: Stabilisation with the new system was associated with less need for mechanical ventilation during the first week of life. No significant difference was seen in the outcome of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. ; Peer reviewed