نبذة مختصرة : We thank Claire Naylies and Yannick Lippi for their contribution to microarray fingerprints acquisition and microarray data analysis carried out at the GeT Genopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées facility (https://doi.org/10.15454/1.5572370921303193E12).Our study protocol was assessed and approved by the local animal care and use committee (CEEA Val de Loire; reference: 2019012211274697.V4-18939). The protocol followed EEC regulation (no 2010/63/UE) governing the care and use of laboratory animals, which has been effective in France since the 1st of January 2013. Participants provided their verbal informed consent for animal blood and fecal sampling at each time point as well as for the related survey questions. The blood and fecal samples were collected by veterinarians adhering to the regulations and guidelines on animal husbandry and welfare.Microarray data and experimental details are available in NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus [39] and are accessible through GEO Series accession number GSE215200 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE215200). This Targeted Locus Study project has been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the BioProject PRJNA543287. The corresponding BioSamples accession numbers were SAMN11666402 to SAMN11666784. ; International audience ; Highlights: • The same housing conditions influence behavioural indicators differently according to horses. • Aggressiveness is the behavioural indicator the most correlated to gene expression. • Aggressiveness was associated with molecular pathways related to inflammation. • Stereotypies were correlated to gene expression when combined to faecal microbiota. • Aggressiveness and stereotypies in horses covary with physiological alterations.Abstract:The improvement of horse welfare through housing conditions has become a real issue in recent years and have highlighted the detrimental effect of individual housing of horses on their health and behaviour. In this new study, we analysed the blood transcriptome of 45 sport horses housed individually that ...
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