Chemical study and antibacterial activity of the hydromethanolic extract of soil fungus Thichoderma sp FSF12 ; Estudio químico y actividad antibacteriana del extracto hidrometanólico del hongo del suelo Thichoderma sp FSF12 ; Estudo químico e atividade antibacteriana do extrato hidrometanólico do fungo de solo Thichoderma sp FSF12

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a serious public health problem, which can lead to a simple limited infection or even death. The search for new compounds and / or extracts that can help fight these infections must be constantly renewed as a strategy to fight bacterial resistance. The objective of this work was to obtain bioactive substances. Thus, the fungus Trichoderma sp FSF12 was initially grown in cereal medium (rice) and after 28 days of growth the hydromethanolic extract was obtained. The extract was tested using the 96-well plate microdilution method against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and showed good activity. Then, the hydromethanolic extract had its chemical profile determined by HPLC-DAD, which indicated the presence of substances from different classes of secondary metabolites. The extract was fractionated by column chromatography and led to the isolation of the compounds polyunsaturated fatty acid (1), 5'-inosyl (2), tyrosol (3), harzialactone A (4) and 2-anhydromevalonic (5), which had their structures determined by 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The results obtained show the importance of searching for new antibacterial agents. ; La resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos es un problema grave de salud pública que puede provocar una simple infección limitada o incluso la muerte. La búsqueda de nuevos compuestos y / o extractos que puedan ayudar a combatir estas infecciones debe renovarse constantemente como estrategia para combatir la resistencia bacteriana. El objetivo de este trabajo fue obtener sustancias bioactivas. Así, el hongo Trichoderma sp FSF12 se cultivó inicialmente en medio de cereal (arroz) y después de 28 días de crecimiento se obtuvo el extracto hidrometanólico. El extracto se probó utilizando el método de microdilución en placa de 96 orificios contra bacterias Gram positivas y Gram negativas y mostró buena actividad. Luego, el extracto hidrometanólico tuvo su perfil químico determinado por HPLC-DAD, lo que indicó la presencia de sustancias de diferentes ...