Role of SIRT3 and mitochondrial protein deacetylation in cardioprotection : ageing effect ; Rôle de la SIRT3 et de la déacétylation des protéines mitochondriales dans la cardioprotection : effet du vieillissement

Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of global mortality and improved management and reperfusion techniques have improved patient survival. Cardioprotection methods have been developed to limit the infarct size after ischemia reperfusion episode in order to limit the deleterious effects of myocardial infarction, such as ventricular remodeling and heart failure.In our study, we focused particularly on the major role of mitochondria in cell death phenomena associated with ischemia reperfusion. Within the mitochondria, our main target was sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), whose associated post-translational modifications have been shown to have a potential role in modulating ischemia-related reperfusion cell death. Thus, in the first part of our work, we were able to highlight (1) the need for SIRT3 in cardioprotection mechanisms in young mice and (2) the importance of SIRT3 deacetylation of cyclophilin D (CypD) in the success of cardioprotection.Recently, numerous preclinical studies have highlighted new techniques of effective cardioprotection in different animal models, which have not yet proved their worth after transposition in clinical study. In a second part of our work, we have endeavored to understand one of the reasons for these different clinical failures, based on the simple observation that preclinical studies are carried out on young animals, while myocardial infarction is a pathology of senescent people. We studied the impact of aging on various cardioprotection methods used in the laboratory, and demonstrated (3) mitochondrial changes impacting the deacetylation of CypD in response to cardioprotection techniques in aged mice. This study allowed us to raise a major problem of preclinical studies, namely the age of animal models used in relation to the pathology studied.This work has thus made it possible to determine the crucial role of deacetylation of CypD and SIRT3 in cardioprotection, but also to raise the question of the age of animal models before possible transfer of therapeutic advances in ...