신아리스토텔레스주의(Neo-Aristotelianism) 관점에 기초한 덕 교육의 도덕교육적 함의 연구 ; A Study on Moral Educational Implications of Neo-Aristotelian Virtue Education

학위논문(박사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 사범대학 윤리교육과, 2022.2. 정창우. ; The aim of the present study is to answer the traditional question in ethics, whether there exist universal and objective ethical values, and if so, how can they be harmonized with each ones particular and specific situations, from the Aristotelian and Neo-Aristotelian view, and to find the answers educational implications. In Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle shows that human beings characteristic function (ergon) to fulfil their ends (telos) is the rational capacity including phronēsis, and based on the facts about human nature, he demonstrates that the good life of human being consists of the activities of soul in accordance with the excellences or virtues. He not only secures the objective criteria of moral truth by appealing substantial facts about human nature, but also fully reflects each ones particular and specific reality by stressing the virtue of phronēsis. This balance made his ideas attractive in recent discussions of Epistemology, Ethics, and educational practices as a remedy of other theories. Since many existing educational practices addressing the concept of virtues have been based on superficial, or wrong interpretations of Aristotelian ideas, it is necessary to investigate what is the true Aristotelian character education by examining some misunderstandings, and, if some critics are valid, to deliberate how can it be appropriately reconstructed. Hence this study examined general criticism on educational practices with the concept of virtues and Neo-Aristotelians responses to them as both theoretically and practically. Through the series of discussions, it was able to clarify which Aristotelian ideas were accepted or revised by Neo-Aristotelians, thus to confirm the structure of Neo-Aristotelian character education. What is more important than confirming its structure is to consider its underlying premise, that is, whether it is truly possible to harmonize objective moral truth based on human nature and diversity based on human reason. This study, ...