نبذة مختصرة : PH se definira kao povišenje tlaka u plućnoj cirkulaciji. Prema SZO PH dijeli se u pet skupina. U prvu skupinu pripada plućna arterijska hipertenzija, koja je najčešće idiopatska, no može biti i nasljedna, uzrokovana drugim bolestima i čimbenicima iz okoliša. Glavni patogenetski mehanizmi bolesti su hemodinamske promjene, upalni i imunološki procesi te endotelna disfunkcija. U uznapredovalim stadijima česta je pojava disfunkcije DV-a koja u konačnici može uzrokovati zatajenje DV-a. Ostale četiri skupine PH nastaju sekundarno, kao posljedica drugih bolesti, a tu pripadaju PH uslijed bolesti lijevog srca, PH uslijed plućne bolesti i/ili hipoksije, PH uslijed opstrukcije plućne arterije i PH s nejasnim i/ili multifaktorskim mehanizmima. Simptomi su većinom zajednički pojedinim skupinama PH, a tipično uključuju dispneju, nepodnošenje tjelesnog napora te simptome zatajenja DV-a u uznapredovalim stadijima bolesti. ; PH is defined as an increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation. According to the WHO, PH is divided into five groups. The first group includes pulmonary arterial hypertension, which is usually idiopathic, but can also be hereditary, caused by other diseases and environmental factors. The main pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease are hemodynamic changes, inflammatory and immune processes, and endothelial dysfunction. In advanced stages, RV dysfunction is common, which can ultimately cause RV failure. The other four groups of PH arise secondarily, as a result of other diseases, and include PH due to left heart disease, PH due to lung disease and/or hypoxia, PH due to pulmonary artery obstruction and PH with unclear and/or multifactorial mechanisms. The symptoms are mostly common in all groups of PH, and typically include dyspnea, inability to bear physical exertion and symptoms of RV failure in advanced stages of the disease.
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