نبذة مختصرة : Fatty acids (FAs) play an essential role as mediators of cell signaling and signal transduction, affecting metabolic homeostasis and determining meat quality in pigs. However, FAs are transformed by the action of several genes, such as those encoding desaturases and elongases of FAs in lipogenic tissues. The aim of the current work was to identify candidate genes, biological processes, and pathways involved in the modulation of intramuscular FA profile from longissimus dorsi muscle. FA profile by gas chromatography of methyl esters and gene expression by RNA-Seq were determined in 129 Iberian × Duroc backcrossed pigs. An association analysis between the muscle transcriptome and its FA profile was performed, followed by a concordance and functional analysis. Overall, a list of well-known (e.g., PLIN1, LEP, ELOVL6, SC5D, NCOA2, ACSL1, MDH1, LPL, LGALS12, TFRC, GOT1, and FBP1) and novel (e.g., TRARG1, TANK, ENSSSCG00000011196, and ENSSSCG00000038429) candidate genes was identified, either in association with specific or several FA traits. Likewise, several of these genes belong to biological processes and pathways linked to energy, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism, which seem determinants in the modulation of FA compositions. This study can contribute to elucidate the complex relationship between gene expression and FA profile in pig muscle. ; This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN) and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) with project references: AGL2017-82641-R and PID2020-112677RB-C22. Jesús Valdés Hernández was funded with an FI PhD grant “Formació i contractació de personal investigador novell” fellowship provided by the “Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR)” from Generalitat de Catalunya (2019FI_B_00787 credential). Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas was funded by a “Ramon y Cajal” contract (RYC2019-027244-I) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. Anna Esteve-Codina was funded by ISCIII /MINECO (PT17/0009/0019) and co-funded by ...
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