Contributors: University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon (U of S); The Natural History Museum London (NHM); University of Rhode Island (URI); Institute of Parasitology České Budějovice (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS); Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS); Czech Academy of Sciences Prague (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences Prague (CAS); National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA (NIH); Saint Petersburg State University (SPBU); Universität Salzburg; Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques (EPEP); Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M); Station biologique de Roscoff Roscoff (SBR); Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff Roscoff (SBR); Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Mississippi State University Mississippi; Uppsala University; Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA); Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN); Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA); Univerzita Karlova Praha, Česká republika = Charles University Prague, Czech Republic (UK); University of British Columbia (UBC); University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern; University of Oslo (UiO); Dalhousie University Halifax; Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 (UCCS); Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); American Museum of Natural History New York, USA = Musée américain d'histoire naturelle New York, USA (AMNH); German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research Wilhelmshaven, Allemagne (DZMB); Senckenberg am Meer; University of Michigan Ann Arbor; University of Michigan System; Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History New York, USA; Czech Academy of Sciences Prague (CAS); Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP); Université de Neuchâtel = University of Neuchatel (UNINE); Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ); Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE); Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Guelph; Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh; Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas = Spanish National Research Council (CSIC); National Museums Northern Ireland (NMNI); Kyungpook National University Daegu (KNU); Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE); University of Alabama Tuscaloosa (UA); Edinburgh Napier University; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Hosei University; Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11); Oklahoma State University Stillwater (OSU); Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing (CAS)
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; This revision of the classification of eukaryotes follows that of Adl et al., 2012 [J. Euk. Microbiol. 59(5)] and retains an emphasis on protists. Changes since have improved the resolution of many nodes in phylogenetic analyses. For some clades even families are being clearly resolved. As we had predicted, environmental sampling in the intervening years has massively increased the genetic information at hand. Consequently, we have discovered novel clades, exciting new genera and uncovered a massive species level diversity beyond the morphological species descriptions. Several clades known from environmental samples only have now found their home. Sampling soils, deeper marine waters and the deep sea will continue to fill us with surprises. The main changes in this revision are the confirmation that eukaryotes form at least two domains, the loss of monophyly in the Excavata, robust support for the Haptista and Cryptista. We provide suggested primer sets for DNA sequences from environmental samples that are effective for each clade. We have provided a guide to trophic functional guilds in an appendix, to facilitate the interpretation of environmental samples, and a standardized taxonomic guide for East Asian users.
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