نبذة مختصرة : Aim of the study – to evaluate the attitude of patients and physicians of Kaunas district primary health care institutions towards organisation of oncological screening programmes. Methodology.Instantaneous questionnaire survey of patients and doctors of Kaunas district primary health care institutions was carried out. The survey encompassed 257 patients (response rate – 64.25 %) and 14 family physicians (response rate – 46.67 %). Results.The majority of respondents were aware of the ongoing oncological screening programmes. The majority of patients (77.8 %) believe that they are responsible for their own health (p<0,05). The main reasons indicated by the respondents for not participating in the programmes were the lack of information, the fear of medical procedures, dissatisfaction with organisation of programmes and working time of physicians (p<0,05). According to physicians, in order to improve implementation of screening programmes, a person responsible for organisation and implementation of programmes should be appointed, and more funds should be allocated for implementation of programmes. Conclusions. 1. Only half of the surveyed patients have enough information about screening programmes. Enough information about oncological programms result in a positive attitude and better participation in the programms. 2. Physicians evaluate organisation of programmes as appropriate. 3. In physicians’ view, patients themselves should know when to apply to PHCI with regard to screening programmes, whereas patients would like to be invited to take part in screening programmes. According to physicians, the only problem in implementing screening programmes is a lack of patients’ motivation. According to patients, their participation in screening programmes is aggravated by long waiting queues, inconvenient working hours of PHCI.
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