Contributors: Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology; Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI); Institut Pasteur Paris (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers CNAM (CNAM); HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur Paris (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers CNAM (CNAM); HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM); Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers CNAM (CNAM); HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM); Découverte de pathogènes – Pathogen discovery; Institut Pasteur Paris (IP); Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB; Institut Pasteur Paris (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Virus et Immunité - Virus and immunity (CNRS-UMR3569); Université Paris Cité (UPCité); Direction de la recherche médicale de l'Institut Pasteur; Investigation Clinique et d’Accès aux Ressources Biologiques (Plate-forme) - Clinical Investigation and Access to BioResources (ICAReB); Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science (CRT); Centre Médical de l'Institut Pasteur (CMIP); Vaccine Research Institute Créteil, France (VRI); Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12); Biologie des ARN et virus influenza - RNA Biology of Influenza Virus; Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)); Institut Pasteur Paris (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité); Laboratoire commun Pasteur-TheraVectys; Institut Pasteur Paris (IP)-TheraVectys; Virologie Moléculaire et Vaccinologie / Molecular Virology and Vaccinology; École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA); The study was funded by Institut Pasteur, and several laboratories participating in the study receive funding from the Labex IBEID (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), REACTing and the INCEPTION project (PIA/ANR-16-CONV-0005) for studies focusing on emerging viruses. OS lab is funded by Institut Pasteur, ANRS, Sidaction, the Vaccine Research Institute (ANR-10-LABX-77), “TIMTAMDEN” ANR-14-CE14-0029, “CHIKV-Viro- Immuno” ANR-14-CE14-0015-01 and the Gilead HIV cure program. LG is supported by the French Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation. ME lab is funded by Institut Pasteur, Labex IBEID (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), REACTing (Research & Action Emerging Infectious Diseases), EU Grant 101003589 RECoVER.; ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010); ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016); ANR-10-LABX-0077,VRI,Initiative for the creation of a Vaccine Research Institute(2010); ANR-14-CE14-0029,TIMTAMDEN,Rôle des récepteurs TIM et TAM dans l'infection des cellules cibles par le virus de la dengue(2014); ANR-14-CE14-0015,CHIKV-Viro-Immuno,Multiplication et Relation avec l'hôte du virus Chikungunya(2014); European Project: 101003589, H2020-SC1-PHE-CORONAVIRUS-2020,RECOVER(2020)
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; Background Children’s role in SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology remains unclear. We investigated an initially unnoticed SARS-CoV-2 outbreak linked to schools in northern France, beginning as early as mid-January 2020. Aims This retrospective observational study documents the extent of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, linked to an affected high school (n = 664 participants) and primary schools (n = 1,340 study participants), in the context of unsuspected SARS-CoV-2 circulation and limited control measures. Methods Between 30 March and 30 April 2020, all school staff, as well as pupils and their parents and relatives were invited for SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing and to complete a questionnaire covering symptom history since 13 January 2020. Results In the high school, infection attack rates were 38.1% (91/239), 43.4% (23/53), and 59.3% (16/27), in pupils, teachers, and non-teaching staff respectively vs 10.1% (23/228) and 12.0% (14/117) in the pupils’ parents and relatives (p < 0.001). Among the six primary schools, three children attending separate schools at the outbreak start, while symptomatic, might have introduced SARS-CoV-2 there, but symptomatic secondary cases related to them could not be definitely identified. In the primary schools overall, antibody prevalence in pupils sharing classes with symptomatic cases was higher than in pupils from other classes: 15/65 (23.1%) vs 30/445 (6.7%) (p < 0.001). Among 46 SARS-CoV-2 seropositive pupils < 12 years old, 20 were asymptomatic. Whether past HKU1 and OC43 seasonal coronavirus infection protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection in 6–11 year olds could not be inferred. Conclusions Viral circulation can occur in high and primary schools so keeping them open requires consideration of appropriate control measures and enhanced surveillance.
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