Demographics, Clinical, and Polysomnographic Characteristics of Children under 3 with Obstructive Sleep Apnea ; Obstructive Sleep Apnea Demographics in Children Under Three Years Old

The 56th Annual Medical Student Research Forum at UT Southwestern Medical Center (Tuesday, January 23, 2018, 2-5 p.m., D1.600) ; INTRODUCTION: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) most commonly affects children 3 years or older. Very few studies describe the epidemiology and predictors of pediatric OSA in children under 3 years of age. OBJECTIVES: To describe the demographic, clinical, and polysomnographic characteristics of children under 3 years of age referred for polysomnography (PSG). To identify demographic and clinical features that predict severe OSA in this cohort of children. METHODS: This study reviewed all children under 3 years of age who underwent PSG between 08/01/2012-06/01/2017 at UT Southwestern/Children's Medical Center in Dallas and had complete data. Demographic, clinical, and PSG data were obtained from the electronic medical records. The following comparisons were made: obese versus non-obese; age 0-1 and 1-3; children with or without significant comorbidities. Pearson chi-squared was used for categorical data and ANOVA for continuous data. Logistic regression was used to look for predictors of severe OSA. A P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Three hundred thirty-two patients were included in this study, 17% of which were between 0-1 years, and 82% were between 1-3 years. Two hundred sixteen patients were male (65%).The cohort was comprised of 86 (26%) Caucasian, 86 (26%) African American, 138 (42%) Hispanic, and 22 (6.6%) patients that identified as Other. Co-morbidities included 59 (18%) preterm patients, 64 (19%) with allergic rhinitis, 88 (27%) with gastroesophageal reflux, 55 (17%) with asthma, 14 (4.2%) with down syndrome, 25 (7.5%) with cardiac issues, 31 (9.3%) with craniofacial issues, and 6 (1.8%) with sickle cell disease. A total of 163 (49%) patients had tonsillar hypertrophy (tonsil size of 3+ to 4+). Comparison of the two age groups 0-1 and 1-3 years, obese versus non-obese and with or without comorbidities showed no significant differences in clinical or PSG ...