نبذة مختصرة : L'articolo analizza la decisione della Corte costituzionale nr. 18 del 2020 in materia di madre detenuta. La sentenza estende la possibilità della detenzione domiciliare speciale che garantisce alle madri di bambini di età inferiore ai 10 anni particolari tutele anche alle madri di minori totalmente disabili. L'articolo analizza in particolare il bilanciamento di diritti e interessi contrapposti, in particolare la tutela della maternità e dell'interesse del minore coinvolto e la difesa sociale che alla pena è connessa. ; This paper examines Decision no. 18 of 2020 of the Italian Constitutional Court. This judgement extends the possibility of a special regime of home detention (“detenzione domiciliare speciale”), which can be granted to mothers of children younger than 10 years of age, to the mother of a totally disabled dependent child of any age. The paper explores the case-law and the argument of the Court, and the balancing of rights and freedoms involved in this Decision: the protection of maternity and the child’s right to preserve the relationship with and receive care from her imprisoned mother, on the one side; the social defence and the fight of criminality, on the other. The paper explains how the Court has recognised a violation of the constitutional principles of equality, reasonableness and protection of the fundamental rights of the person (Arts. 2 and 3 of the Italian Constitution), and of the protection of maternity (Art. 31, par. 2). Consistently with this caselaw, the Court, in Decision no. 18 of 2020, extends the special regime of home detention to the case of a disabled child who, regardless of their age, is in a vulnerable physical and psychological condition. In conclusion, the paper concludes with a criticism of the complex problem of the detention of a mother and its impact on an innocent child.
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