Exploring the role of n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide as a diagnostic biomarker in kawasaki disease

Introduction. Kawasaki disease KD, also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is an acute febrile illness of unknown cause that stands out as a unique and challenging pediatric vasculitis, characterized by acute systemic inflammation and the potential for developing coronary artery complications. The most serious challenge is the development of coronary artery aneurysms, which are the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality among pediatric patients. Presently, the identification of KD relies on the manifestation of clinical features and lacks a distinct diagnostic biomarker. Aim of study. Exploring the relationship between serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide NT-proBNP blood concentrations and patients with acute and hyper-acute phases of KD. Methods and materials. Were analyzed articles available on online medical platforms such as PubMed Databases, Medscape and other scientific documents provided on Google Scholar. The most relevant 20 articles were selected and investigated, including case studies, which were published between 2014 and 2023. Results. The primary pathogenic occurrence in KD involves the activation of the innate immune system, leading to elevated secretion of interleukins IL 1, 4, 6, 10, and tumor necrosis factor TNF. Given the significant evidence of myocardial engagement often as myocarditis in KD, new investigations have concentrated on exploring cardiac biomarkers, including serum NTproBNP - a biomarker, as well as a prohormone, released from the heart#39;s ventricles in response to enhanced pressure and volume. It reflects cardiac stress and its significantly elevated levels may indicate myocardial dysfunction in children and infants with KD in acute and hyper-acute le;4 days of fever, an insufficient duration for a conclusive diagnosis solely based on clinical criteria phases of disease. In the acute phase of KD, NT-proBNP elevation primarily results from a combination of hemodynamic factors myocardial stress due to pressure or volume overload and ventricular ...