Clinical profile and outcome of glomerular diseases in children admitted in a semiurban medical College hospital.

Glomerular diseases generally present as a constellation of features that includes hematuria, edema , proteinuria and hypertension. Glomerulonephritis is caused by number of disorders that cause glomerular injury due to inflammation. Some time it may progress to renal failure if left untreated. Kidneys are a pair of bean shaped reddish brown urinary excretory organ located by each side of vertebral column T12 – L3 of about 11cm X 6cm X 2.5cm , weighing 120 – 175g each. Each kidney has cortex and medulla. Renal cortex consists of glomerulus, proximal and distal tubules. Renalmedulla consists of the descending and ascending limb of loop of Henle and the collecting ducts. Each kidney has a million of Nephrons – the functional unit of kidney, consists of 2 parts. 1) Renal Corpuscle -which has glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule 2) Renal Tubules Kidney cannot regenerate a new nephron1. Glomerulus - a greek word means filter. Glomerulus is made up of tuft of capillaries and mesangium. The capillary arises from the afferent arteriole, the last division of renal artery and they join to form efferent arteriole.