Willingness of Spanish University Students to Connect their Camera during the COVID-19 Pandemic ; Disposición del alumnado universitario español a conectar su cámara durante la pandemia generada por la COVID-19 ; Volonté des étudiants universitaires en Espagne de connecter leur caméra pendant la pandemie causée par la covid-19 ; Disposição de estudantes universitários na Espanha para conectar sua câmera durante a pandémia da covid-19

As a result of the pandemic generated by covid-19, educational institutions began to teach their classes remotely. During these, the majority of students opted to keep the webcam turned off, causing demotivation and uncertainty among teachers. The different studies that inves­tigate this behavior present atomized and unconnected reasons. This is why this research intended to offer a holistic view of the reasons that led students to activate or not activate the camera during the pandemic. Data obtained through a questionnaire administered to 305 students from different Spanish universities revealed a tendency to follow the decision of the majority regarding whether or not to connect the camera during classes, as well as a reluctance to show themselves to classmates in relaxed environments. On the other hand, although no significant differences were found between men and women regarding the frequency of use, male participants attributed less importance to both the projected personal im­age and the connection resources available. Results also show that the importance attributed both to the generation of so­cial presence in the classroom and to the academic qualification is a predictor of its frequency of use. These results suggest the use of strategies that encourage higher education students to connect the webcam during the teaching through videoconferencing systems. ; Como resultado de la pandemia generada por la covid-19, las instituciones edu­cativas pasaron a impartir sus clases de manera remota durante las que el alumnado optó, de forma mayoritaria, por mantener apagada la cámara web, provocando desmotivación e incertidumbre entre el profesorado. Los distintos estudios que investigan este comportamiento presentan motivos atomizados e inconexos, por lo que la presente investigación se propuso ofrecer una visión holística de los motivos que llevaron al alumnado a activar o no la cámara durante dicha pandemia. Los datos obtenidos a través de un cuestionario suministrado a 305 alumnos de distintas universida­des ...