Contributors: iCLIMATE Aarhus University Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change; Aarhus University Aarhus; Scotland's Rural College (SRUC); Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE); Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE); Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU); Norwegian Centre for Organic Agriculture (NORSOK); Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO); Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology = Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS); AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE); Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC); Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU); ADAS Cambridge; Danish Technological Institute (DTI); Lancaster Environment Centre; Lancaster University; This study was supported by the FACCE ERA-GAS Cofund (European Research Area—for mitigation of GREENHOUSE gases fromagri- and silviculture; ID number: 696356, project ResidueGas). The French funding was received from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-17-EGAS-0003) and the National Institute for Food, Agriculture and the Environment (INRAE). The authors acknowledge funding in the UK from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) and the Scottish Government's Strategic Research Programme, in Germany from the German Federal Ministry for Food and Agriculture (grant number 744 2817ERA08C), in Norway from the Research Council of Norway (project no. 276389), and in Denmark from Innovation Fund Denmark (contact 7108-00005B).Figures were created with BioRender.com.; ANR-17-EGAS-0003,ResidueGas,Improved estimation and mitigation of nitrous oxide emissions and soil carbon storage from crop residues(2017)
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; Crop residues are important inputs of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) to soils and thus directly and indirectly affect nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. As the current inventory methodology considers N inputs by crop residues as the sole determining factor for N2O emissions, it fails to consider other underlying factors and processes. There is compelling evidence that emissions vary greatly between residues with different biochemical and physical characteristics, with the concentrations of mineralizable N and decomposable C in the residue biomass both enhancing the soil N2O production potential. High concentrations of these components are associated with immature residues (e.g., cover crops, grass, legumes, and vegetables) as opposed to mature residues (e.g., straw). A more accurate estimation of the short‐term (months) effects of the crop residues on N2O could involve distinguishing mature and immature crop residues with distinctly different emission factors. The medium‐term (years) and long‐term (decades) effects relate to the effects of residue management on soil N fertility and soil physical and chemical properties, considering that these are affected by local climatic and soil conditions as well as land use and management. More targeted mitigation efforts for N 2 O emissions, after addition of crop residues to the soil, are urgently needed and require an improved methodology for emission accounting. This work needs to be underpinned by research to (1) develop and validate N 2 O emission factors for mature and immature crop residues, (2) assess emissions from belowground residues of terminated crops, (3) improve activity data on management of different residue types, in particular immature residues, and (4) evaluate long‐term effects of residue addition on N2O emissions.
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