Modellering av samvirkekonstruksjoner og lastfordeling på nedgravde betongrør ; Soil-structure interaction and load distribution on buried concrete pipes

The efficiency of transport plays an important role in human welfare and the food industry. The vehicles are travelling with a higher speed and are transporting even larger loads than before. An increased understanding of the traffic load distribution is vital to meet the current and future challenges. The main focus in this thesis is the comparison of the traffic loads by railway and roads. It focuses on the distribution of the loads, and the significance of traffic loads effect on pipelines with minimum and maximum soil covers. A method is presented to optimize the pipe design. For the optimization the software PLAXIS 2D is used, a finite element program that simulates geotechnical problems with a better approach to reality. The results of the optimization are compared with calculations made according to the current regulations. The problem is answered by creating a case, placing the pipes with different soil covers. The results for the vertical accelerations match the expectations, other full-scale trials and previous research. The vertical accelerations presented, show that there is a rapidly decreasing effect. This will be a critical factor for pipes with minimum soil covers. The comparison of hand calculations and the calculations done in PLAXIS shows opportunities to increase the utilization of the pipe construction. The potential of the maximum and minimum soil covers is great. FEM programs proves to be helpful with the challenges that arise in reality and provides a good indication in solving complex issues. ; Effektivisering av transportmidler spiller en viktig rolle for menneskets velferd og næringssektoren. Dette fører til at kjøretøyene skal kjøre med høyre hastighet og transportere større laster enn noen gang. For å imøtekomme utfordringer knyttet til fremtidige og nåværende problemer kreves økt forståelse av påkjenningene nedgravde rørkonstruksjoner utsettes for, og også hvordan jorden oppfører seg som en følge av trafikklastene. Målet med denne oppgaven er å sammenlikne trafikklaster fra jernbane ...