Da capoeira escrava em Salvador a um método nacional de ensino: a luta regional de Mestre Bimba em questão

The research is dedicated to understanding the relevance for capoeira, of the teaching methodology developed by Mestre Bimba, in his academy, in facing the negative social perception that related it to the activity of vagrants and rascals, at the end of the 19th century and early 20th century. Mestre Bimba developed a capoeira with connotations of gesture and body that brought it closer to the behaviors and body codes of western sports that gained notoriety in Brazil, from the 19th century onwards, whereas, it distanced itself from street practices, recognized by disorder and absence of rules capable of curbing the violence expressed in Brazilian cities like Salvador. The aforementioned changes are perceived, in the respective work, as part of the Brazilian civilizing effort, intensified in the cities as a result of historical events, such as: the abolition of slavery, in 1888; the creation of the Republic, in 1889; industrialization and urbanization in the 1920s; responsible for increasing the interdependence relationships between individuals and forming new figurations. Given the above, the guiding question was as follows: What changes in the figuration and interdependence processes allowed various behaviors associated with slave capoeira to be abandoned at Mestre Bimba's academy, in favor of a practice that required an education of emotions from its students, gestures and the body? It is a bibliographic-documentary research, whose sources used were newspapers that proved to be rich and capable of elucidating issues pertinent to the analysis; criminal proceedings of the 19th and 20th centuries; and literary sources that helped build the historical recovery of the issue. It is important to clarify that, the methodology assumed in the work called figurational sociology, is based on Elias (2011), when understanding the relevance in studying the long-term historical processes, from the influence of the civilizing effort to which the individuals are submitted , since childhood, to a greater or lesser degree, with ...