Maternal and perinatal outcome in gestations with eclampsia ; Resultados maternos y perinatales en gestantes con eclampsia

To analyze maternal and perinatal outcomes among gestations with eclampsia. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 133 gestations complicated with eclampsia attended during the year 2012 at the Enrique C. Sotomayor Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Guayaquil, Ecuador. For this, the hospital database was accessed in order to obtain clinical and laboratory data of mother and infants. Results: The incidence of eclampsia was 0.5% (133/26.113 live births). Of cases 67 (50.4%) were adolescents (≤19 years) and 103 (77.4%) were nulliparous. The main complication was the HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, thrombocytopenia) in 21 (15.8%) patients. There were 2 maternal deaths, one due to intracerebral hemorrhage and the other to disseminated intravascular coagulation. Regarding perinatal outcome 59 (52.7%) were born preterm and there were 7 (6.2%) intrauterine fetal and 7 (6.2%) neonatal deaths. Conclusions: Eclampsia has a negative impact on the maternal perinatal outcome. As preeclampsia precedes the majority of cases of eclampsia, prevention should be orientated toward early detection ; Analizar los resultados maternos y perinatales de gestantes con eclampsia. Método: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y analítico de 133 gestantes diagnosticadas con eclampsia, asistidas durante el año 2012 en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor de Guayaquil, Ecuador. Se accedió a la base de datos del hospital para obtener los resultados clínicos y de laboratorio de las maternas y los neonatos. Resultados: La incidencia de eclampsia fue 0,5% (133/26.113 nacidos vivos). La muestra correspondió a 67 (50,4%) adolescentes (≤19 años) y 103 (77,4%) nulíparas. La principal complicación fue el síndrome de hemolisis, enzimas hepáticas elevadas, trombocitopenia (HELLP) en 21 (15,8%) de las embarazadas. Se produjeron dos muertes maternas, una por hemorragia intracerebral y otra por coagulación intravascular diseminada. En cuanto a la resultante perinatal 59 (52,7%) nacieron pretérminos y hubo 7 (6,2%) muertes ...