A Brief Review on Hypertension

Hypertension most frequent modifiable risk factor for death and disability, along with stroke, accelerated coronary and systemic atherosclerosis, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease, is hypertension. By lowering blood pressure with antihypertensive medications, cardiovascular disease risk factors such as target organ damage and frequency of occurrence are reduced. June 2017, the American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for hypertension Diastolic blood pressure of 80 mmHg or higher is considered to be hypertension. In patients with CHD, CHF, diabetes mellitus, stroke, and kidney transplantation, BP should be less than 130/80 mmHg. Reducing dietary sodium intake, losing weight if the patient is overweight, exercising regularly, drinking alcohol in moderation, and consuming more potassium-rich foods were all recommended as lifestyle changes. The first antihypertensive medication should often come from one of the four types listed below: calcium channel blockers, thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs. These drugs have been found to lower cardiovascular events. Renal denervation and baroreflex activation therapy are the two interventional methods used in clinical practise to treat a variety of treatment-resistant hypertensions. Carotid body ablation and AVF implantation are two other interventional techniques, although none of them reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease or death in hypertensive patients.