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Mitochondrial DNA in Human Diversity and Health: From the Golden Age to the Omics Era

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  • معلومة اضافية
    • بيانات النشر:
      MDPI AG
    • الموضوع:
      2023
    • Collection:
      Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
    • نبذة مختصرة :
      Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a small fraction of our hereditary material. However, this molecule has had an overwhelming presence in scientific research for decades until the arrival of high-throughput studies. Several appealing properties justify the application of mtDNA to understand how human populations are—from a genetic perspective—and how individuals exhibit phenotypes of biomedical importance. Here, I review the basics of mitochondrial studies with a focus on the dawn of the field, analysis methods and the connection between two sides of mitochondrial genetics: anthropological and biomedical. The particularities of mtDNA, with respect to inheritance pattern, evolutionary rate and dependence on the nuclear genome, explain the challenges of associating mtDNA composition and diseases. Finally, I consider the relevance of this single locus in the context of omics research. The present work may serve as a tribute to a tool that has provided important insights into the past and present of humankind.
    • ISSN:
      2073-4425
    • Relation:
      https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/8/1534; https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425; https://doaj.org/article/da797de748a546d58eb4ef946859c95b
    • الرقم المعرف:
      10.3390/genes14081534
    • الرقم المعرف:
      edsbas.AFF8567B