Deleterious Effects of Obesity-Induced Low-Grade Inflammation ; Efectos Perjudiciales de la Inflamación de Bajo Grado Ocasionada por la Obesidad

There is a plethora of stimuli that can conduce to the development of inflammation. Generally speaking, inflammation can be defined as a localized response following tissue damage, and it can be subdivided into acute or chronic, depending on its duration. The noxious stimuli can be external, chemical, physical or biological in nature. The inflammatory response involves different immune cells and the production of a myriad of molecules. Drugs such as celecoxib and rofecoxib are regularly administered for chronic inflammation, attenuating the inflammatory response yet generating low to medium adverse effects due to drug nonspecificity or off-target effects. Obesity consists in weight increase associated with a caloric imbalance. The weight gain is associated to an increase in adipose tissue mass that is distributed in various body deposits. Development of obesity is multifactorial and carries with it the risk of generating grave consequences in the health and in the quality of life of patients. Due to the fact that obesity is linked to a state of chronic low inflammation, this further associates with the development of chronic conditions, amongst which we can find metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, respiratory problems, cancer, and recently it has highlighted as a risk factor in the development of severe COVID-19 symptomatology. In our country, it is estimated that more than half of the adult population is overweight, a statistic that has the tendency to continue increasing and which positions obesity as the epidemic of the upcoming decade. ; Existen diversos estímulos que pueden conllevar al desarrollo de inflamación. La inflamación generalmente se define como una respuesta localizada subsecuente a un daño ocasionado en el tejido, puede subdividirse en aguda o crónica, según la duración. El agente nocivo puede ser externo, de naturaleza química, física, o biológica. La respuesta inflamatoria involucra diferentes células del sistema inmune y la producción de una amplia variedad de moléculas. ...