Influence of device-assisted suction against resistance (Mueller maneuver) on image quality in CTPA for suspected lung embolism

Objectives To investigate the effect of a device-assisted suction against resistance Mueller maneuver (MM) on transient interruption of contrast (TIC) in the aorta and pulmonary trunk (PT) on computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA). Methods In this prospective single-center study, 150 patients with suspected pulmonary artery embolism were assigned randomly with two different breathing maneuvers (Mueller maneuver (MM) or standard end-inspiratory breath-hold command (SBC)) during routine CTPA. The MM was performed using a patented prototype (Contrast Booster™) which allows both the patient by means of visual feedback and the medical staff in the CT scanning room to monitor whether the patient is sucking sufficiently or not. Mean Hounsfield attenuation in descending aorta and PT was measured and compared. Results Overall, patients with MM showed an attenuation of 338.24 HU in the pulmonary trunk, compared to 313.71 HU in SBC ( p = 0.157). In the aorta, the values for MM were lower compared to SBC (134.42 HU vs. 177.83 HU, p = 0.001). The TP-aortic ratio was significantly higher in the MM group at 3.86 compared to the SBC group at 2.26, p = 0.001. TIC phenomenon was absent in the MM group, whereas it was present in 9 patients (12.3%) in the SBC group ( p = 0.005). Overall contrast was better on all levels for MM ( p < 0.001). The presence of breathing artifacts was higher in the MM group (48.1% vs. 30.1%, p = 0.038), without clinical consequence. Conclusions Performing the MM with the application of the prototype is an effective way of preventing the TIC phenomenon during i.v. contrast-enhanced CTPA scanning compared to the standard end-inspiratory breathing command. Clinical relevance Compared to standard end-inspiratory breathing command, the device-assisted Mueller maneuver (MM) improves contrast enhancement and prevents the transient interruption of contrast (TIC) phenomenon in CTPA. Therefore, it may offer optimized diagnostic workup and timely treatment for patients with pulmonary embolism. ...