Modulation of poplar manipulation by the woolly aphid, Phloeomyzus passerinii (Sign.), via host resistance and environment ; Modulation de la manipulation du peuplier par le puceron lanigère, Phloeomyzus passerinii (Sign.), via la résistance de l’hôte et l’environnement

Phloeomyzus passerinii is an important pest of cultivated poplar stands in Europe. It develops onpoplar trunks, thanks to an undefined feeding mode, and exhibits variable performances depending on poplargenotypes. To develop efficient management strategies, we have investigated the trophic interactions betweenthis pest and its host. In addition, we have studied how host resistance and environmental factors, like fertilizationand water deficit, could affect these interactions. Histological and biochemical approaches highlighted theinduction by the aphid of an organized tissue in the bark of a susceptible poplar genotype (I-214), considered as apseudogall, where soluble phenolic compounds disappear but amino acids accumulate. Behavioral andphysiological approaches showed that the aphid nutrition behavior is optimized on these modified tissues, andthat its nymphal development is improved. Regarding resistance mechanisms, on a highly resistant genotype(Brenta), pseudogall formation was totally inhibited, due to an intense and extended lignification, preventing aphidsettlement. On a moderately resistant genotype (I-45/51), pseudogall formation was only partially inhibited,reducing demographic and behavioral performances of the insect, and the ability of the pseudogall to accumulateamino acids. To study environmental impacts, we considered the effects of three soil fertilization levels and threeirrigation levels. Fertilization did not modify aphid performances, probably due to an increase in amino acidsaccumulation by the pseudogall when fertilization decreased. Water deficit affected the interactions, through agenotype dependant effect, favoring insect development under an intermediate deficit on the resistant genotypeonly, and negatively affecting the development on both susceptible and resistant genotypes during a severe waterdeficit. ; Phloeomyzus passerinii est un important ravageur des peupleraies en Europe. Ce puceron se développe sur les troncs de peuplier, avec un mode nutrition mal connu, et présente des ...