Contributors: De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA); Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); SFF Centre for Early Sapiens Behaviour (SapienCE); University of Bergen (UiB); Centre Jurassien du Patrimoine (CJP); École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE); Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL); Museum d'Histoire Naturelle Genève (MHN); Staatliche Museen zu Berlin-Museum für Vor- und Frühgeschichte; Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH); Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Nantes Université - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (Nantes Univ - UFR HHAA); Nantes Université - pôle Humanités; Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Humanités; Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ); Centre de recherches sur les arts et le langage (CRAL); École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universidad de Tarapaca; Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry ); Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap); Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM); Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés Dijon (ARTeHiS); Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre for Early Sapiens Behaviour, (262618); Labex LaScArBx-ANR, (ANR-10-LABX-0052); European Research Council, ERC, (951388); Norges Forskningsråd; Université de Bordeaux, (191022-001); ANR-10-LABX-0052,LaScArBx,Using the world in ancient societies : processes and forms of appropriation of space in Long Time(2010)
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; The earliest European carvings, made of mammoth ivory, depict animals, humans, and anthropomorphs. They are found at Early Aurignacian sites of the Swabian Jura in Germany. Despite the wide geographical spread of the Aurignacian across Europe, these carvings have no contemporaneous counterparts. Here, we document a small, intriguing object, that sheds light on this uniqueness. Found at the Grotte des Gorges (Jura, France), in a layer sandwiched between Aurignacian contexts and dated to c. 36.2 ka, the object bears traces of anthropogenic modifications indicating intentional carving. Microtomographic, microscopic, three-dimensional roughness and residues analyses reveal the carving is a fragment of a large ammonite, which was modified to represent a caniformia head decorated with notches and probably transported for long time in a container stained with ochre. While achieving Swabian Jura-like miniaturization, the Grotte des Gorges specimen displays original features, indicating the craftsman emulated ivory carvings while introducing significant technical, thematic, and stylistic innovations. This finding suggests a low degree of cultural connectivity between Early Aurignacian hunter-gatherer groups in the production of their symbolic material culture. The pattern conforms to the existence of cultural boundaries limiting the transmission of symbolic practices while leaving space for the emergence of original regional expressions. © 2023, Springer Nature Limited.
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