The potential effect and delivery of piperine on breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Breast cancer is associated with a high mortality rate and health-related economic burden. Breast cancer patients have a low 5-year life expectancy when diagnosed at advanced stages. Besides, the emergence of chemoresistance in breast cancer has led to an intense search for alternative anticancer agents. One of the potential anticancer compounds is Piperine. Several studies had found that Piperine has anticancer effects such as anti-proliferation, induces apoptosis, anti-migration or anti-metastasis, chemo-enhancer or chemosensitizer, cytotoxic agents, anti-angiogenesis, immune response modulators, and self-renewal inhibitor for cancer stem cells. Several delivery agents such as PLGA, PEG-PLGA and liposomes have been studied to improve Piperine's delivery and have shown good results. Therefore, the combination of Piperine and nanoparticles is a potential anticancer agent, especially in breast cancer.