Contributors: Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT); Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon Cayenne, Guyane Française; Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD); Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM); Institut Pasteur de la Guyane; Pasteur Network (Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur); Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc Cayenne, Guyane française; Pasteur Network (Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur)-Pasteur Network (Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur); Altopictus Biarritz; Institute of Scientific and Technological Communication and Information in Health / Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde Rio de Janeiro (ICICT); Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ); Superintendência de Vigilância em Saúde do Amapá (SVS-AP); Health Regional Agency Cayenne; Collectivité Territoriale de Guyane (CTG); Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA); Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Cayenne, Guyane Française; Université de Guyane (UG); Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre / Abymes Guadeloupe -Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon Cayenne, Guyane Française -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique Fort-de-France, Martinique (CHU de Martinique); Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie Antilles-Guyane (CIRE); Centre National de Référence du Paludisme Cayenne, Guyane française (CNR - laboratoire associé); Laboratoire de Parasitologie Cayenne, Guyane française; Centre Collaborateur OMS pour la surveillance de la résistance aux antipaludiques - WHO Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Anti-malarial Drug Resistance Cayenne, Guyane française (CCOMS); Pasteur Network (Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur)-Pasteur Network (Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur)-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office Genève, Suisse (OMS / WHO); UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA); LMI Sentinela Rio de Janeiro; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Universidade de Brasilia = University of Brasilia Brasília (UnB)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; Background: In 2017, inhabitants along the border between French Guiana and Brazil were affected by a malaria outbreak primarily due to Plasmodium vivax (Pv). While malaria cases have steadily declined between 2005 and 2016 in this Amazonian region, a resurgence was observed in 2017.Methods: Two investigations were performed according to different spatial scales and information details: (1) a local study on the French Guiana border, which enabled a thorough investigation of malaria cases treated at a local village health center and the entomological circumstances in the most affected neighborhood, and (2) a regional and cross-border study, which enabled exploration of the regional spatiotemporal epidemic dynamic. Number and location of malaria cases were estimated using French and Brazilian surveillance systems.Results: On the French Guianese side of the border in Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock, the attack rate was 5.5% (n = 4000), reaching 51.4% (n = 175) in one Indigenous neighborhood. Entomological findings suggest a peak of Anopheles darlingi density in August and September. Two female An. darlingi (n = 1104, 0.18%) were found to be Pv-positive during this peak. During the same period, aggregated data from passive surveillance conducted by Brazilian and French Guianese border health centers identified 1566 cases of Pv infection. Temporal distribution during the 2007-2018 period displayed seasonal patterns with a peak in November 2017. Four clusters were identified among epidemic profiles of cross-border area localities. All localities of the first two clusters were Brazilian. The localization of the first cluster suggests an onset of the outbreak in an Indigenous reservation, subsequently expanding to French Indigenous neighborhoods and non-Native communities.Conclusions: The current findings demonstrate a potential increase in malaria cases in an area with otherwise declining numbers. This is a transborder region where human mobility and remote populations challenge malaria control ...
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