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Immune responses in COVID-19 patients during breakthrough infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants Delta, Omicron-BA.1 and Omicron-BA.5

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اقرأ أكثر حفظ في قائمتي
  • معلومة اضافية
    • الموضوع:
      2023
    • Collection:
      University of Duisburg-Essen: DuEPublico (Duisburg Essen Publications online)
    • نبذة مختصرة :
      Background: Breakthrough infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants are increasingly observed in vaccinated individuals. Immune responses towards SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly Omicron-BA.5, are poorly understood. We investigated the humoral and cellular immune responses of hospitalized COVID-19 patients during Delta and Omicron infection waves. Methods: The corresponding SARS-CoV-2 variant of the respective patients were identified by whole genome sequencing. Humoral immune responses were analyzed by ELISA and a cell culture-based neutralization assay against SARS-CoV-2 D614G isolate (wildtype), Alpha, Delta (AY.43) and Omicron (BA.1 and BA.5). Cellular immunity was evaluated with an IFN-γ ELISpot assay. Results: On a cellular level, patients showed a minor IFN-γ response after stimulating PBMCs with mutated regions of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron-BA.1 and especially BA.5 were strongly reduced. Double-vaccinated patients with Delta breakthrough infection showed a significantly increased neutralizing antibody response against Delta compared to double-vaccinated uninfected controls (median complete neutralization titer (NT100) 640 versus 80, p<0.05). Omicron-BA.1 infection increased neutralization titers against BA.1 in double-vaccinated patients (median NT100 of 160 in patients versus 20 in controls, p=0.07) and patients that received booster vaccination (median NT100 of 50 in patients versus 20 in controls, p=0.68). For boosted patients with BA.5 breakthrough infection, we found no enhancing effect on humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Conclusion: Neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron-BA.1 and especially BA.5 were strongly reduced in SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. Delta and Omicron-BA.1 but not Omicron-BA.5 infections boosted the humoral immunity in double-vaccinated patients and patients with booster vaccination. Despite BA.5 breakthrough infection, those patients may still be vulnerable for ...
    • Relation:
      https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150667
    • الرقم المعرف:
      10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150667
    • الدخول الالكتروني :
      https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150667
      https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:465-20230824-185745-1
      https://duepublico2.uni-due.de/receive/duepublico_mods_00078777
      https://duepublico2.uni-due.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/duepublico_derivate_00078507/fimmu-14-1150667.pdf
    • Rights:
      https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
    • الرقم المعرف:
      edsbas.8D2C98A