Importance of health surveillance from a One-Health perspective: linkages and research in Galapagos, Ecuador 2021-2022 ; Importancia de la vigilancia sanitaria desde una perspectiva de Una-Sola-Salud: vinculación e investigación en Galápagos, Ecuador 2021-2022

The Galapagos Islands represent a complex and unique set of ecosystems in which wildlife, local communities and urban fauna coexist on a daily basis. But these interactions, along with the presence of invasive species and infectious diseases, can lead to risks to both human and animal health. This monographic review addresses the risk and presence of some of the most relevant pathogens and vectors present at the Galapagos from a "one health" perspective, which integrates human, animal and environmental health. It covered "zoonotic" diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans, the main pathogens that could threaten the urban fauna and the emblematic wildlife species, such as the Galapagos sea lion, and the main infectious agents that threaten the health of the human population, describing the main mosquito vector species in the islands and the viral diseases they can transmit. Finally, we described the activities conducted in 2021-2022 that involved the local community in the form of seminars and focus groups that aimed at informing the public about these diseases and their prevention, as well as field research based on sampling domestic dogs and setting mosquito traps to monitor the health and susceptibility of urban and local fauna to parasitic diseases. The results obtained can serve to the local government authorities for a better decision making and to implement the most adequate measures for the prevention and control of these infectious diseases ; Las islas Galápagos representan un conjunto complejo y único de ecosistemas en que la fauna silvestre, las comunidades locales y la fauna urbana coexisten diariamente. Sin embargo, estas interacciones junto con la presencia de especies invasoras y enfermedades infecciosas, puede conllevar a riesgos en la salud tanto humana como animal. La presente monografía aborda el riesgo y la presencia de algunos de los patógenos y vectores más relevantes en las islas Galápagos desde la perspectiva de "una salud" que integra la salud humana, animal y ambiental. Se ...