Incidental Cerebral Microbleeds: Correlation with Risk Factors and Regional Distribution in a Young and Middle-aged Population

Background: Incidental cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are asymptomatic brain hemorrhages detected via MRI, linked to various cerebrovascular risk factors. This study investigates the correlation between CMBs and risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, alcohol consumption, and family history in a young and middle-aged population aged 18-50 years, along with their regional distribution. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 200 participants aged 18-50 years, selected between May 2022 and December 2023. Participants with positive MRI findings for CMBs underwent detailed risk factor analysis, including age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, previous stroke history, medication usage, and family history. The regional distribution of microbleeds in deep, lobar, or both locations was also assessed. Results: The prevalence of CMB was highest in the 40-50 age group, followed by the 30-39 group, and then the 18-29 group. There was a significant male predominance, with a larger proportion of males affected compared to females. Risk factors included hypertension (43.5%), smoking (63.5%), diabetes (23%), hyperlipidemia (31.5%), and alcohol consumption (27%), while 12% had no risk factors. CMBs were found in both deep and lobar regions in the majority (63% of cases), followed by the deep or lobar region alone. Additionally, some individuals had a history of stroke, a history of drug use, and a positive family history. Conclusion: This study highlights significant correlations between incidental CMBs and common risk factors in a young population. The high prevalence among smokers and hypertensive individuals, along with a notable male predominance, underscores the need for early risk factor management to mitigate CMB impact. Further research should explore additional factors contributing to CMBs, especially in those without conventional risk factors. ; Background: Incidental cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are asymptomatic brain hemorrhages detected via MRI, linked to various ...