Theoretical and Historical Aspects of Universal Declaration of Human Rights Adoption ; Теоретико-історичні аспекти прийняття загальної декларації прав людини

The article is dedicated to covering certain aspects of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adoption. Emphasis is placed on different interpretations of human rights by states that was reflected in the process of adopting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (in the context of non-support of this international act by a number of states due to different perceptions of human rights essence and content). It is noted that although the Human Rights Commission, which was set up to draft the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and consisted of 18 members representing various cultural, political and religious groups, this did not prevent different interpretations of both the Human Rights and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in particular. It is noted that since the second half of the twentieth century a number of international acts the subject of which is human rights have been adopted. Perhaps the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted in 1948, is the first and the most important of them in the interregional aspect and became a kind of response of the international community to World War II. There is a lack of attention of lawyers to the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as that that allows a better understanding of the human rights nature through their properties such as universality and relativism. One of the reasons for the insufficient study of this issue is the affiliation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to soft law. However, international judicial institutions have repeatedly pointed to the binding nature of the provisions of this Declaration. Various factors of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights ambiguous perception are analyzed, among them are the following: 1) religious (Universal Declaration of Human Rights reproduces the theory of human rights based on human priority, the human right to free development of one’s personality, including the ability to change one’s beliefs, religion, and equality in the rights of women and men); 2) political ...