Klimatanpassning av infrastruktur : Genomgång av pågående svensk forskning och identifiering av FoU-behov

Climate change is highly visible. Since industrialism started around 1800, the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere has increased from 280 to 420 ppm and the global average temperature by just over 1°C. In a series of agreements, the world's countries have sought to agree on various climate goals. That the temperature rise should be limited to 1.5°C is perhaps the most well-known goal. In order to reach the goals, many measures are required, and extensive research is often behind them. Research on climate change is usually divided into mitigation and adaptation. Until now, research to mitigate the magnitude of climate change has strongly dominated research to adapt society to climate change. Concrete is the world's most used man-made material and concrete production (actually cement production) accounts for 5-8% of global CO2 emissions, which is why it may be justified to exemplify how research has changed over time to deal with climate change. In the mid-1960s, it was established that reinforced concrete does not have an eternal lifespan. Research into durable concrete increased rapidly. Durable concrete has a longer life span reducing the extraction of natural resources, which is an example of a measure towards mitigation of climate change, even if it was not formulated that way. Research into creating more environmentally friendly cement and concrete (or a concrete with lower CO2 emissions) began in the 1990s and has been completely dominant in mitigation ever since. It is primarily about replacing parts of the Portland cement with various industrial by-products (Supplementary Cementitious Materials, SCM) that would otherwise end up in landfill. There is less and less evidence that we can stop climate change. It will probably be difficult to reach the 1.5 degree target and there is a risk that the global average temperature will increase by more than 2°C sometime in the 21st century. Spends on mitigation will not be sufficient. Measures to adapt society, its built environment and its infrastructure to ...