Tendências temporais do câncer infantojuvenil e fatores associados ao tratamento oncológico : análise a partir dos Registros Hospitalares de Câncer no Brasil

Cancer and its monitoring should be considered a priority in all countries, regardless of their development status. In Brazil, monitoring of cases is based on systematized information on morbidity and mortality made available by the Population-Based Cancer Registries (RCBP), Hospital Cancer Registries (RHC) and the Mortality Information System (SIM), which help in the epidemiological description. of cancer. The present study aimed to analyze temporal trends in the prevalence rate of childhood cancer and factors associated with cancer treatment, from 2000 to 2018, based on the regional and national investigation of Hospital Cancer Registries. This is an observational, retrospective, secondary-based study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 81,395 cancer records contained in the Integrating Module of Hospital Cancer Records of the Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA) and made available by the Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo (FOSP), with information from children and adolescents from 0 to 19 years old, treated in specialized centers and units. Data were analyzed descriptively and through inferential analysis, where Joinpoint regressions and logistic regression were performed, adopting a significance level of 5%. Childhood cancer, in Brazil, from 2000 to 2018, was more prevalent in males (54.2%; n=44,103), in children between 0 and 4 years of age (31.2%; n= 25,428), in brown-skinned individuals (40.8%; n=22,839), and residents of the Southeast region (44.9%; n= 36,522). Regarding the classification of diagnosis, the most relevant was that of Leukemias, myeloproliferative diseases and myelodysplastic diseases (28.8%; n= 23,416). Solid tumors predominated in these individuals (58.7%; n= 47,780). Pediatric Oncology was the specialty that most treats this disease (34.6%, n= 19,346) and chemotherapy was the most administered therapeutic modality at the beginning of treatment (48.1%; n= 26,935). It was noticed that 78.1% (n=63,571) of the individuals started the treatment up ...