Necroprosis—a possible trigger for the occurrence of inflammatory bowel diseases

Introduction: Necroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cell death that occurs when apoptosis is inhibited but extracellular apoptotic stimulation continues. It has morphological characteristics similar to necrosis and powerful immunogenic properties leading to inflammation. Necroptosis is thought to have evolved as a “backup” of apoptosis in cases where pathogens have developed mechanisms to inhibit the apoptotic machine. Apart from being adaptive, recent studies have established it as a major pathogenic component of various disease states—neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, malignant neoplasms, kidney damage, and others. There is growing evidence that necroptosis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.Aim: The aim of the present study is to review data from the literature on the role of necroptosis in the occurrence of intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease.Materials and Methods: For the period 2013–2021 in the available databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Access Medicine, PubMed) the following keywords are used in English: necroptosis, death-inducing signal complexes (DISCs), receptor interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), DAMPs, caspase 8, intestinal inflammation, inflammatory bowel disease.Results: A total of 573 publications were found, of which 273 were review articles, book chapters and 300 publications, as a result of research, abstracts, posters and other communications. Studies of the literature have shown that necroptosis in the intestinal epithelium leads to uncontrolled inflammation with characteristics similar to inflammatory bowel disease in humans.