نبذة مختصرة : BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairments are well-established features of psychotic disorders and are present when individuals are at ultra-high risk for psychosis. However, few interventions target cognitive functioning in this population. AIMS: To investigate whether omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation improves cognitive functioning among individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis. METHOD: Data (N = 225) from an international, multi-site, randomised controlled trial (NEURAPRO) were analysed. Participants were given omega-3 supplementation (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) or placebo over 6 months. Cognitive functioning was assessed with the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Mixed two-way analyses of variance were computed to compare the change in cognitive performance between omega-3 supplementation and placebo over 6 months. An additional biomarker analysis explored whether change in erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels predicted change in cognitive performance. RESULTS: The placebo group showed a modest greater improvement over time than the omega-3 supplementation group for motor speed (ηp2 = 0.09) and BACS composite score (ηp2 = 0.21). After repeating the analyses without individuals who transitioned, motor speed was no longer significant (ηp2 = 0.02), but the composite score remained significant (ηp2 = 0.02). Change in erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels did not predict change in cognitive performance over 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence to support the use of omega-3 supplementation to improve cognitive functioning in ultra-high risk individuals. The biomarker analysis suggests that this finding is unlikely to be attributed to poor adherence or consumption of non-trial n-3 PUFAs.
Relation: NHMRC/566529; NHMRC/1080963; NHMRC/1060996; NHMRC/1027532; NHMRC/566593; NHMRC/1141207; pii: S2056472422005725; Cheng, N., McLaverty, A., Nelson, B., Markulev, C., Schafer, M. R., Berger, M., Mossaheb, N., Schlogelhofer, M., Smesny, S., Hicikie, I. B., Berger, G. E., Chen, E. Y. H., de Haan, L., Nieman, D. H., Nordentoft, M., Riecher-Rossler, A., Verma, S., Street, R., Thompson, A. ,. Amminger, G. P. (2022). Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive functioning in youth at ultra-high risk for psychosis: secondary analysis of the NEURAPRO randomised controlled trial. BJPSYCH OPEN, 8 (5), https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2022.572.; http://hdl.handle.net/11343/327092
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