Infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud en pacientes oncológicos: resistencia antimicrobiana

Introduction: The infections associated with health care (IAAS) are those infections that the patient acquires while receiving treatment and in whom the infection had not manifested or was not in the incubation period at the time of admission. The IAAS are caused by bacteria, fungi and viruses. On the other hand, resistance to antimicrobials occurs when microorganisms undergo changes that do not allow the action of the drugs used to treat infections. Due to this, the emergence and rapid spread of infections by microorganisms resistant to antimicrobials is considered a public health problem that is associated with hospital stay, morbidity and mortality and high costs for the health system. In addition to this problem, infectious complications are one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Currently, the highest mortalities are associated with enterobacteria and P. aeruginosa. This is why the adequate knowledge of infections in cancer patients and their proper management and prevention are crucial to reduce their complications. Methods: A literature search was performed in indexed databases. Results: In this review we discuss the importance of the study of HAIs, the main Gram negative bacteria that cause IAAS in cancer patients, the use of antimicrobials and the main mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. Conclusion: The study and understanding of antimicrobial resistance in the infectious processes of cancer patients, such as HAIs, are essential for the control, management and prevention of these infections, in order to improve patient treatments. ; Introducción: Las infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud (IAAS) son aquellas infecciones que el paciente adquiere mientras recibe tratamiento y en quien la infección no se había manifestado ni estaba en periodo de incubación en el momento de ingreso. Las IAAS son causadas por bacterias, hongos y virus. Por su parte, la resistencia a los antimicrobianos se produce cuando los microorganismos sufren cambios que no permiten la ...