Heart failure in COVID-19: the multicentre, multinational PCHF-COVICAV registry

Aims: We assessed the outcome of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 patients with heart failure HF compared with patients with other cardiovascular disease and/or risk factors arterial hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidaemia. We further wanted to determine the incidence of HF events and its consequences in these patient populations. Methods and results: International retrospective Postgraduate Course in Heart Failure registry for patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and CArdioVascular disease and/or risk factors arterial hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidaemia was performed in 28 centres from 15 countries PCHF-COVICAV. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Of 1974 patients hospitalized with COVID-19, 1282 had cardiovascular disease and/or risk factors median age: 72 [interquartile range: 62ndash;81] years, 58% male, with HF being present in 256 [20%] patients. Overall in-hospital mortality was 25% nnbsp;=nbsp;323/1282 deaths. In-hospital mortality was higher in patients with a history of HF 36%, nnbsp;=nbsp;92 compared with non-HF patients 23%, nnbsp;=nbsp;231, odds ratio [OR] 1.93 [95% confidence interval: 1.44ndash;2.59], Pnbsp;nbsp;0.001. After adjusting, HF remained associated with in-hospital mortality OR 1.45 [95% confidence interval: 1.01ndash;2.06], Pnbsp;=nbsp;0.041. Importantly, 186 of 1282 [15%] patients had an acute HF event during hospitalization 76 [40%] with de novo HF, which was associated with higher in-hospital mortality 89 [48%] vs. 220 [23%] than in patients without HF event OR 3.10 [2.24ndash;4.29], Pnbsp;nbsp;0.001. Conclusions: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with HF are at increased risk for in-hospital death. In-hospital worsening of HF or acute HF de novo are common and associated with a further increase in in-hospital mortality.