Mathematical and numerical study of the inverse problem of electro-seismicity in porous media ; Etude mathématique et numérique du problème inverse de l'électro-sismique en milieu poreux

In this thesis, we study the inverse problem of the coupling phenomenon of electromagnetic (EM) and seismic waves. Partial differential equations governing the coupling phenomenon are composed of Maxwell and Biot equations. Since the coupling phenomenon is rather weak, in low frequency we only consider the transformation from EM waves to seismic waves. We use electroseismic model to refer to this transformation. In the model, the electric field becomes the source of Biot equations. A coupling coefficient is used to denote the efficiency of the transformation.Chapter 2, we consider the existence and uniqueness of the forward problem in both frequency domain and time domain. In the frequency domain, we propose the suitable Sobolev space to consider the electrokinetic problem. We prove that the weak formula satisfies a Garding's inequality using Helmohltz decomposition. The Fredholm alternative can be applied, which shows that the existence is equivalent to the uniqueness. In the time domain, the weak solution is defined and the existence and uniqueness of the weak solution is proved.The stability of the inverse problem is considered in Chapter 3. We first prove Carleman estimates for both Biot equations and electroseismic equations. Based on the Carleman estimates for electroseismic equations, we prove a Holder stability to inverse all the parameters in Maxwell equation and the coupling coefficient. To simply the problem, we use electrostatic equations to replace Maxwell equations. The inverse problem is decomposed into two steps: the inverse source problem for Biot equations and the inverse parameter problem for the electrostatic equation. We can prove the stability of the inverse source problem for Biot equations based on the Carleman estimate for Biot equations. Then the conductivity and the coupling coefficient can be reconstructed with the information from the first step.In Chapter 4, we solve the electroseismic equations numerically. The electrostatic equation is solved by the Matlabe PDE toolbox. Biot ...