نبذة مختصرة : Exposure to urban greenness has been linked to a wide range of health outcomes, including many non-communicable health conditions which are presently among the largest contributors to the global burden of disease, such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, as well as mental disorders. Half of the world’s population now lives in urban areas; often affected by health hazards such as pollutants and heat islands, and characterized by low levels of physical activity, inadequate diets, and decreased access to nature. The overarching aim of this thesis was to investigate associations between residential greenness and different health-related outcomes, including physical activity, adiposity measures and hypertension, as well as general and mental health, both regionally and internationally. In addition, we aimed to evaluate the potentially modifying role of other individual, contextual, and environmental variables, including sociodemographic, behavioral and socioeconomic factors, as well as air pollution, transportation noise and blue space. We used data from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort (n=42 611), from 2010 and 2014, and the Stockholm Diabetes Prevention Program (n=5 126 and n=4 623, respectively) from 1992–2006, for three of the papers. The fourth paper was a meta-analysis including three cross-sectional surveys from southern Sweden, Spain, and the UK (N=50 220), conducted between 2012 and 2014. We assessed residential greenness exposure using the satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and land-use data. Outcome assessment was based on self-reported data from questionnaires, clinical examinations, and health registers. Changing residential greenness exposure, because of moving, was inversely associated with walking/cycling. Both moving to a greener and to a less green area were associated with a decrease in exercise. Higher greenness exposure was associated with reduced increase in waist circumference and lower risk of central adiposity in women, but not in men. Exposure to low NDVI ...
Relation: I. Persson Å., Möller J., Engström K., Lõhmus M., Nooijen C. (2019). Is moving to a greener or less green area followed by changes in physical activity? Health and Place. Vol.57, p.165–170. ::doi::10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.04.006 ::pmid::31055106 ::isi::000471889900020; II. Persson Å., Pyko A., Lind T., Bellander T., Östenson C.-G., Pershagen G., Eriksson C., Lõhmus M. (2018). Urban residential greenness and adiposity: A cohort study in Stockholm County. Environ Int. Vol.121, p.832–841. ::doi::10.1016/j.envint.2018.10.009 ::pmid::30342414 ::isi::000449071000086; III. Persson Å., Pyko A., Bellander T., Lind T., Lager A., Östenson C.-G., Pershagen G., Lõhmus M., Eriksson C. Long-term exposure to residential greenness and incidence of hypertension. [Submitted]; IV. Grellier J., Persson Å., Zijlema W., Ambros A., Márquez S., Elliott L. R., Björk J., Triguero-Mas M., Gascon M., van den Bosch M., Nieuwenhuijsen M. J., Lõhmus M., Wheeler B., White M. P. A harmonised three-country study of associations between natural spaces in urban environments and self- reported measures of health. [Manuscript]; http://hdl.handle.net/10616/47404
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