Mitochondrial complex I activity in microglia sustains neuroinflammation.

Acknowledgements: We thank P. Chinnery, F. Dazzi, D. Franciotta, G. Griffiths, G. Pluchino, R. Peruzzotti-Jametti, J. Smith, A. Tolkovsky, J. Van den Ameele, R. Magliozzi, R. Milazzo, S. Spadini and A. Biffi for their insights throughout this study; A. Tolkovsky, M. Whitehead and D. Wallace for providing the microglial BV2 cells, neuronal SH-SY5Y cells and the Nd6 mice, respectively; H. Bridges for her technical assistance with the set-up and analysis of the ex vivo metabolic flux experiments; D. Trajkovski, V. Pappa, R. Chowdhury, C. S. Yu, A. Speed and O. Hruba for their technical assistance; R. Grenfell for his technical assistance with the CyTOF acquisition; T. Adejumo (Fluidigm) for his contribution towards the development of the CyTOF antibody panel, processing of data and analysis; the members of the Cambridge NIHR BRC Cell Phenotyping Hub for their cell sorting support; the staff at the CRUK Genomics Core Facility for processing the scRNA-seq samples and for their technical support; and S.-A. Thomas, M. Rice, J. Glide and all of the technicians of the Anne McLaren Building in Cambridge for their help throughout the study. This research was supported by Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla FISM and Italian Multiple Sclerosis Association AISM Senior research fellowship financed or co-financed with the ‘5 per mille’ public funding 2017/B/5 (to L.P.-J.); Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Career Development Fellowship G105713 (to L.P.-J.); Isaac Newton Trust Research Grant RG 97440 (to S.P. and L.P.-J.); Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla FISM and Italian Multiple Sclerosis Association AISM 2018/R/14 (to S.P. and L.P.-J.); National MS Society Research Grant RFA-2203-39318 (to L.P.-J.) and Grant RG 1802-30200 (to S.P. and L.P.-J.); Evelyn Trust (to S.P.); Bascule Charitable Trust (to S.P.); NIHR Cambridge BRC (to S.P.); Wings for Life RG 82921 (to S.P. and L.P.-J.), Medical Research Council UK (MC_UU_00028/4), Wellcome Trust Investigator award (220257/Z/20/Z) (to M.P.M.); Henry Wellcome Fellowship ...