نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; To define which components of maternal ability contribute most to piglet production during early lactation, we maximised the observable variability of traits by applying a crossbreeding scheme to 21 Large White sows and 22 Meishan sows reared in individual pens in the farrowing unit. We measured 100 maternal traits and grouped them into 11 blocks according to the biological component they described. Sows' reactivity and peripartum activity were determined using on-farm notations and image analysis, respectively. The functional and behavioural explanatory variables for the proportion of dead piglets relative to live born and litter weight gain, which were calculated for three periods after birth (D0-D1, D1-D3 and D3-D7), were adjusted for the effects of breed and litter size. Partial least-square multi-block analyses were applied separately to mortality traits and growth traits. Several behavioural traits (standing activity, reactivity to several stimuli, postural activity) and functional traits (body reserves, teat characteristics) on the day of farrowing (D0) contributed substantially to within-litter D0-D7 growth and survival. Sow aggressiveness towards piglets on D0 and the time spent standing were negatively correlated with D1-D3 growth. During D3-D7, growth was positively correlated with feed intake. Aggressiveness towards piglets on D0 decreased survival to D7. During D1-D7, time spent lying laterally with the udder exposed and feed intake on D0 increased survival. ; Influence de multiples composantes des aptitudes maternelles sur la survie et la croissance précoces de la portée Pour définir quelles composantes des aptitudes maternelles contribuent le plus à la production de porcelets en début de lactation, nous avons maximisé la variabilité observable sur les différents caractères par un dispositif de croisements appliqué à 21 truies Large White et 22 truies Meishan, libres en case de maternité. Nous avons mesuré 100 caractères maternels et les avons regroupés en 11 blocs selon la ...
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