نبذة مختصرة : M.Phil. ; The crystalline color superconducting phase (CCS) is an extremely rigid phase in cold quark matter with a shear modulus more than 20 to 1000 times that of neutron star crusts. Assuming quark matter in compact stars to be in this phase, we study the physical properties of solid quark stars and hybrid stars with quark matter cores and fluid nuclear matter envelopes, which are in contrast to the traditional neutron star models in which around 80% of the volume is in a fluid state. ; First, we apply the linearized Einstein field equations (EFE) to study the tidal deformability of compact stars with CCS quark matter. The tidal deformability of bare solid quark stars is found to be significantly reduced due to the large rigidity, while that of hybrid stars with solid cores is nearly the same as that of fluid hybrid stars due to the screening effect from the fluid envelope. This causes a significant deviation in the relation between the moment of inertia (I) and the tidal deformability (quantified by the tidal Love number), the so-called I-Love relation, of solid quark stars from the universal relation among fluid compact stars, hence making it possible to identify these objects based on observations. Second, We numerically compute the nonradial polar oscillation modes of compact stars containing CCS quark matter with the linearized EFE. Lastly, we compare the Newtonian and relativistic Cowing approximations with the full general relativistic calculations on the non-radial oscillations in solid quark stars and comment on the validities of these two approximations. ; 結晶色超導態(CCS)的夸克物質擁有高於中子星外殼20至1000倍的剪切模量，是一種極度堅硬的物質態。透過假設緻密星中的夸克物質處於此物質態，我們研究固態夸克星及由夸克核心與核物質外殼構成的混合星的物理性質。 ; 首先，我們使用線性化的愛因斯坦方程計算含有CCS夸克物質的緻密星的潮汐可形變度(tidal deformability)。我們發現相較於流體緻密星，固態夸克星的潮汐可形變度因極高的硬性而顯著降低，而含有固態夸克核心的混合星的潮汐可形變度則因為流體核物質外殼的屏蔽效應而幾乎維持不變，這使得固態夸克星中聯繫轉動慣量(I)及用以量化潮汐可形變度的潮汐樂甫數(tidal Love number)的I-Love關係顯著相異於流體緻密星中的普及I-Love關係，從而可望透過觀測分辨出固態夸克星。此外，我們運用愛因斯坦方程研究含有CCS夸克物質的緻密星的非徑向極化振盪模式。最後，我們測試兩種計算非徑向極化振盪模式的近似方法並比較它們與完整愛因斯坦方程的結果之差異。 ; Lau, Shu Yan ...
Processing Request
No Comments.