Organic clathrates : structure and reactivity

Thesis (MTech (Chemistry))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009 ; The host compound 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9H-xanthen-9-01 (AI) forms inclusion compounds with the solid guests l -naphthylamine (NAPH), 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ). acridine (ACRI), 1,4 - diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) and a liquid guest benzaldehyde (BENZAL). All four structures AI·YzNAPH, AI· Y,HQ AI·ACRI and AI ·Y,DABCO were successfully solved in the triclinic space group P I . The structure of AI·Y,BENZAL was successfully solved in the monocl inic space group P2dn . Similar packin g motifs arise for the NAPH and HQ inclusion compounds where the main interaction is of the fonm (Host)-OH····O-(Host). Both the DABCO and the ACRI guests hydrogen bond to the host molecule. The host: guest ratios for A I·ACRI. AI· Y,NAPH. A I· Y,DABCO and A I· YzHQ were found using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The host:guest ratio for AI·YzBENZAL was found using thenmogravimetric analysis. Enthalpy changes of the inclusion compounds were monitored using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Kinetics of desolvation for AI·Y,BENZAL were conducted using a non - isothenmal method where we have obtained an activation energy range of 74 k J morl - 86 k J mor' . The solid - solid reaction kinetics for A I·Y,NAPH, A I· Y,HQ, AI·ACRI and AI ·Y,DABCO were determined at room temperature using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD).