Contributors: Régulation spatiale des Génomes - Spatial Regulation of Genomes; Institut Pasteur Paris (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre de Biochimie Structurale Montpellier (CBS); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences; Newcastle University Newcastle; Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC); Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); UMS 3343 (OSU); Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR); Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE); Research was supported by European Research Council Starting Grants to R.K. (ERC-Stg-260822) and M.N. (ERC-Stg-260787) and by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship and a BBSRC Research Grant (BB/K017527/1) to H.M. M.M. is the recipient of a fellowship from the Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (20100600373). 3D-SIM experiments were performed at Montpellier RIO imaging. We acknowledge support from France-BioImaging (FBI, ANR-10-INSB-04) and Imagine Optic.; ANR-10-INBS-0004,France-BioImaging,Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée(2010); European Project: 260822,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-StG_20091118,DICIG(2011); European Project: 260787,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-StG_20091118,SMINSULATOR(2010)
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; Chromosomes of a broad range of species, from bacteria to mammals, are structured by large topological domains whose precise functional roles and regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we combine super-resolution microscopies and chromosome-capture technologies to unravel the higher-order organization of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome and its dynamic rearrangements during the cell cycle. We decipher the fine 3D architecture of the origin domain, revealing folding motifs regulated by condensin-like complexes. This organization, along with global folding throughout the genome, is present before replication, disrupted by active DNA replication, and re-established thereafter. Single-cell analysis revealed a strict correspondence between sub-cellular localization of origin domains and their condensation state. Our results suggest that the precise 3D folding pattern of the origin domain plays a role in the regulation of replication initiation, chromosome organization, and DNA segregation.
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