نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; This poster serves to underline the following: • we use synchrotron radiation to measure local solids concentration in the membrane fouling layer (concentration vs. distance to the membrane with the spatial resolution of 20 µm); this measurement requires less than a minute; • our method of fouling analysis is particular, but our conclusions are general; • fouling is sensitive to all operating conditionsnot only that that applied during the fouling formation, but also that applied during the fouling analysis; • the fouling layer may change during the fouling analysis; this change is not immediate; this fact must be accounted in the fouling analysis (whatever is the method of analysis); • all experiment conditions should be described properly at every stage of experiment (e.g. no such thing as "simple rinsing")
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