República e escola primária: uma comparação da história da educação entre Maranhão, Minas Gerais e Mato Grosso (1889-1930)

This work aims to analyze, in the republican period, the primary school, from the History of Education compared to, in the configuration educational policy Maranhão state, mining, and Mato Grosso, in the period from 1889 to 1930, by means of the messages of government and, still, the progress of educational reforms, the organization of primary education, developed in the three states - Maranhao, Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso - as well as educational policies triggered, in this period. The messages direct speech, the political change of executive power and the administrative procedure of the government, involving analysis, statistics, financial statements, conclamacion, appeals, descriptions, justifications, evaluations, explanation of the goals and aspirations of the political order and administrative. Many republicans were concerned, because the leadership was unsafe, however, the actions should be taken to generate the changes that the country needed to consolidate the values of the new system, for example, to reduce illiteracy rates, however bad agricultural conditions, low quality of labor, the lack of infrastructure, the precariousness of road network and the lack of schools. In Maranhão, in Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso, the school alone was the educational institution predominant, intended for primary education. However, this modality school for not presenting the qualitative results desired, was the target of criticism from various social segments. In smaller numbers, the school groups, considered educational institutions of quality, needed for its creation and maintenance of high investments soaking up the public coffers. The research also compares the differences of primary school graduate in the Republican Period, between the three states through the History of Education.The institutionalisation of primary school in their methods - isolated school, school gathered, school model and school group - occurred in the beginning of the Republic. The school groups particularly in relation to the primary school ...