Gated cardiac CT in infants: What can we expect from deep learning image reconstruction algorithm?

ECG-gated cardiac CT is now widely used in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). Deep Learning Image Reconstruction (DLIR) could improve image quality while minimizing the radiation dose. To define the potential dose reduction using DLIR with an anthropomorphic phantom. An anthropomorphic pediatric phantom was scanned with an ECG-gated cardiac CT at four dose levels. Images were reconstructed with an iterative and a deep-learning reconstruction algorithm (ASIR-V and DLIR). Detectability of high-contrast vessels were computed using a mathematical observer. Discrimination between two vessels was assessed by measuring the CT spatial resolution. The potential dose reduction while keeping a similar level of image quality was assessed. DLIR-H enhances detectability by 2.4% and discrimination performances by 20.9% in comparison with ASIR-V 50. To maintain a similar level of detection, the dose could be reduced by 64% using high-strength DLIR in comparison with ASIR-V50. DLIR offers the potential for a substantial dose reduction while preserving image quality compared to ASIR-V.