Cross-sectional and longitudinal study of relationship between geographic life environment and excess weight and cardiovascular risk ; Etude transversale et longitudinale des relations entre les environnements géographiques de vie et l'excès de poids et le risque cardiovasculaire

Given the limits of the international literature on the environmental disparities in obesity prevalence (focused on the residential neighborhood) and considering the lack of empirical studies conducted in France, we were interested in the relations between, on the one hand, the characteristics of residential and professional neighborhood characteritics and the work economic sector, and on the other hand, two body fat indicators: the Fat Mass Index (FMI) and the percentage of Fat Mass (%FM). Then we compared the effects of the work economic sectors on several cardiovascular risk factors. Finally using a longitudinal study, we evaluated the links between socioeconomic variables and the evolution of the anthropometric parameters among participants of the RECORD Study. Simultaneously, our methodological objective was to explore the attrition biases due to missing data in longitudinal studies.To conclude, we could by those empirical works highlight the effect of the individual and the residential characteristics, and the work economic sectors on the accumulation of body fat as well as on cardiovascular risk factors. Regarding the methodological part of this work, firstly we were able to take into account in the analysis the residential geographical environment commonly considered. Secondly, differentiating us from the transversal literature on the social determinants of obesity, we show that depending on the missing data mechanism, the statistical methods commonly used can not circumvent the potential bias introduced by attrition in longitudinal analyses. ; Face aux limites de la littérature internationale sur les disparités environnementales de prévalence d’obésité (focus sur le lieu de résidence, etc.) et considérant le manque d’études empiriques réalisées en France, nous nous sommes intéressés tout d’abord aux relations entre, d’une part, les caractéristiques des environnements résidentiels et professionnels et le secteur d’activité économique et, d’autre part, deux indicateurs d’excès de graisse corporelle : ...