Memory in adolescent with autism : electrophysiology, cognition and rehabilitation ; La mémoire chez l’adolescent avec autisme : électrophysiologie, cognition et prise en charge

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by difficulties in social communication with restricted and repetitive behaviors. ASD are associated with structural, functional and connectivity brain abnormalities that contribute to atypical cognitive functioning in this population. This work includes three projects aimed at characterizing the neurocognitive profile of ASD adolescents and young adults and proposing new rehabilitation programs. The first shows abnormal resting-state brain connectivity using electroencephalography that can account for the multimodal integration difficulties that directly impact introspection processes. The second project deepens the study of introspection processes in the context of autobiographical memory (ABM). The data collected confirm the ABM difficulties in ASD adolescents, with an atypical sensory profile, but also the existence of a positive effect of prompting and visual cues during recall. Beyond, our work highlights the importance of ABM rehabilitation, used as a key vector in social interactions. Then, the third project concerns the creation of an ABM rehabilitation program based on an individual and collective approach. Preliminary results show a beneficial effect on the social identity of adolescents with autism. ABM is, therefore, very relevant to study in autism, integrating a unique and ecological multimodal dimension, and an interesting tool of rehabilitation. ; Les troubles du spectre autistique (TSA) correspondent à des troubles neuro-développementaux caractérisés par des altérations de la communication sociale ainsi qu’à des comportements restreints et répétitifs. Les TSA sont associés à des anomalies cérébrales anatomiques, fonctionnelles et de connectivité qui participent au fonctionnent cognitif atypique de cette population. Ce travail comprend trois projets visant à caractériser le profil neurocognitif d’adolescents et de jeunes adultes avec TSA et de proposer de nouvelles prises en charge. Le premier met en évidence des ...