Karakter Morfologi Dan Molekuler Isolat Phytophthora Palmivora Asal Kelapa Dan Kakao

Morphology and molecular characteristics of P.palmivora isolates from coconut and cacaoPhytophthora palmivora, is the pathogen of coconut nutfall andcacao black pod diseases. This study was conducted to differentiate theisolates of P. palmivora from coconut and those from cacao fruit based onmorphology and molecular characteristics. Samples of nutfall of coconutand black pod of cacao were collected from Banyuwangi and JemberDistricts, East Java, Minahasa and Bolaang Mongondow Districts, NorthSulawesi, and Gorontalo District, Gorontalo. Morphological analysis,DNA extraction and amplification of PCR-DNA were conducted inMicology Laboratorium and Virology Laboratorium, Plant ProtectionDivision, Faperta IPB. Sequencing DNA analysis was conducted inMolecular Biology Laboratory, Balai Besar Bioteknologi dan SumberdayaGenetik and Biotechnology Laboratory LIPI Serpong. This research wasconducted from April 2005 to February 2007. Comparative morphologicalevaluated i.e. diameter of colony, length and width of sporangium, l/wratio, type of colony and sequence Internal Transcribed Sequence (ITS)-DNA showed that all isolates of Phytophthora isolated from coconut andcacao in Indonesia were Phytophthora palmivora. Morphologycharacteristics of pathogen isolates from cacao were smaller andsignificantly different in length, width, length/width ratio ofsporangium and diameter of colony compared to coconut's isolates.Sporangia of 22 isolates were caducous with short pedicel, but werevariable in shape and size. The culture produced ovoid, limoniform,obturbinate, dan obpyriform sporangia, average 40-62 µm in length and28-43 µm in width. The colony types were stelate, cottony and rossaceouswith average diameter of coconut isolates 54.8 cm and cacao isolates 43.4cm. Specific fragment of 900 bp was successfully amplify from coconutand cacao infected by P. palmivora. The DNA sequence analysis of thenuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region showed that thecoconut isolates were not in the same cluster with the cacao ...